工程优化设计

加强工程设计方案优化已成为现代工程建设开展的重要工作,是控制工程成本、提高工程造价管理的关键。基于此,论述工程优化设计的影响因素与不足,提出搞好优化设计的几点建议。     

Electrification of a city bus network—An optimization model for cost-effective placing of charging infrastructure and battery sizing of fast-charging electric bus systems

The deployment of battery-powered electric bus systems within the public transportation sector plays an important role in increasing energy efficiency and abating emissions. Rising attention is given to bus systems using fast charging technology. This concept requires a comprehensive infrastructure to equip bus routes with charging stations. The combination of charging infrastructure and bus batteries needs a reliable energy supply to maintain a stable bus operation even under demanding conditions. An efficient layout of the charging infrastructure and an appropriate dimensioning of battery capacity are crucial to minimize the total cost of ownership and to enable an energetically feasible bus operation. In this work, the central issue of jointly optimizing the charging infrastructure and battery capacity is described by a capacitated set covering problem. A mixed-integer linear optimization model is developed to determine the minimum number and location of required charging stations for a bus network as well as the adequate battery capacity for each bus line. The bus energy consumption for each route segment is determined based on individual route, bus type, traffic, and other information. Different scenarios are examined in order to assess the influence of charging power, climate, and changing operating conditions. The findings reveal significant differences in terms of required infrastructure. Moreover, the results highlight a trade-off between battery capacity and charging infrastructure under different operational and infrastructure conditions. This paper addresses upcoming challenges for transport authorities during the electrification process of the bus fleets and sharpens the focus on infrastructural issues related to the fast charging concept.     

集装箱船初稳性高度优化模型的建立

为解决目前集装箱配积载中尚需结合人工经验来进行箱位选配的问题,通过研究集装箱船配积载前重心距基线高,运用集装箱船初稳性高度计算原理,结合集装箱船的结构特点,建立集装箱船初稳性高度优化模型。运用交互式的线性和通用优化求解器编写程序,其研究成果将为实现集装箱船自动化配积载目标提供理论基础。     

城市商业空间结构问题与优化探讨

城市空间结构研究一直都是城市地理学的主要研究领域 ,但其中的城市商业空间结构研究则发展缓慢。本文试探着阐述了城市商业空间优化的相关理论 ,包括商业空间优化的必要性与意义 ,接着描述了目前商业空间结构存在的普遍问题 ,并指出优化的四个主要目标 ,即视觉优先、经济优先、生态优先和社会优先 ,最后指出商业空间结构优化的主要方面和具体手段。     

逆向物流成本收益优化分析

伴随电子商务的兴起以及发展,逆向物流正成为企业获得可持续发展的新方式。近年来,可持续发展理念的贯穿使得逆向物流在学术界和企业界流行起来。本文在分析逆向物流概念的基础上,对逆向物流的成本以及收益进行了分析,并探讨了逆向物流的成本收益优化模型,并以此给出合理的可行性建议。     

基于ESIA方法的X高校科研管理流程优化研究

高校的科研管理工作需要不断对现有流程进行优化,使得高校科研管理工作处于高效率状态。根据X高校科研管理的实际情况,以科研管理流程节点信息为基础。通过对流程节点表描述的信息具体分析,得出X高校科研管理流程的主要缺陷,再结合ESIA方法对流程进行优化并给出优化对策。     

RFID珠宝管理技术解决方案探索

随着科学技术的发展,RFID技术运用到珠宝管理中已经逐渐开始受到人们的重视,本文就基于RFID珠宝管理技术进行研究,分析了运用RFID技术的珠宝管理解决方案,为现阶段的珠宝管理工作提供一些参考意见。     

网购平台信用评价体系系统研究

近年以来,网络购物取得了爆发式增长,给人民带来便利的同时,网络诚信问题也随之凸显。网购平台的信用评价系统是解决网络诚信问题的重要工具。本文以国内最大网购平台淘宝为例,系统研究了淘宝信用评价系统的优劣,存在的问题及原因,并就如何优化淘宝的信用评价系统给出了相关建议。     

Decision Support Systems in Marketing

The practical application of decision support systems in marketing is still in its infancy, even though academic research has been recommending the use of such systems for years. This is largely due to the lack of a single, generally applicable decision support system. The specific requirements and problems of management are too dissimilar to make the development of one universal decision support system feasible. However, improved PC performance, enhanced market survey methods such as conjoint measurement, and further developed programming tools permit the varying requirements to be fairly flexibly met. The following article describes state-of-the-art know-how regarding the practical utilization of such systems, and addresses the preconditions for employing them. We have included many examples gathered from our own experience with numerous applications.     

从税收博弈看我国的税制优化

通过设计一个理想的不完全信息静态的税收博弈模型可以推导出，博弈最终均衡解的取得依赖于政府选择的税收制度是否最优，因而我国进行第三次税制改革势在必行。借鉴“最适课税理论”，我国税制改革应注意税收立法程序中参与人之间的博弈，税制结构优化，税收负担的优化，中央税与地方税的协调优化等问题。